diff --git a/ls.rb b/ls.rb
index 00b02db..d0ef782 100644
--- a/ls.rb
+++ b/ls.rb
@@ -31,74 +31,74 @@ def run
   params = ARGV.getopts('a', 'r', 'l')
   filenames = params['a'] ? Dir.glob('*', File::FNM_DOTMATCH) : Dir.glob('*')
   filenames = filenames.reverse if params['r']
-  params['l'] ? output_l(filenames) : output(filenames)
+  params['l'] ? output_file_datails(filenames) : output(filenames)
 end
 
 def output(filenames)
-  rows = (filenames.size / COLUMNS)
-  length_limits = limiter(filenames, rows)
+  rows = filenames.size.ceildiv(COLUMNS)
+  pads = pad_created(filenames, rows)
   (0...rows).each do |row|
     COLUMNS.times do |column|
       index = row + column * rows
-      print filenames[index].ljust(length_limits[column] + COLUMNS) if filenames[index]
+      print filenames[index].ljust(pads[column] + COLUMNS) if filenames[index]
     end
     puts
   end
 end
 
-def limiter(filenames, rows)
+def pad_created(filenames, rows)
   filenames.each_slice(rows).map { _1.map(&:length).max }
 end
 
-def output_l(filenames)
-  fileblock(filenames)
+def output_file_datails(filenames)
+  puts total_file_blocks(filenames)
   filenames.each do |file|
     file_stat = File::Stat.new(file)
     print TYPES[file_stat.ftype]
-    filemod(file_stat)
-    print_ownerinfo(file_stat, filenames)
-    timestamp(file_stat)
-    print_symbolic(file)
+    print file_mode(file_stat)
+    print owner_info(file_stat, filenames)
+    print time_stamp(file_stat)
+    print symbolic(file)
     puts
   end
 end
 
-def print_ownerinfo(file_stat, filenames)
+def owner_info(file_stat, filenames)
   print " #{file_stat.nlink}"
   print " #{Etc.getpwuid(file_stat.uid).name}"
   print " #{Etc.getgrgid(file_stat.gid).name}"
-  print " #{file_stat.size}".rjust(filesize(filenames))
+  " #{file_stat.size}".rjust(max_filename_length(filenames))
 end
 
-def print_symbolic(filenames)
+def symbolic(filenames)
   if File.lstat(filenames).symlink?
-    print " #{filenames} -> #{File.readlink(filenames)}"
+    " #{filenames} -> #{File.readlink(filenames)}"
   else
-    print " #{filenames}"
+    " #{filenames}"
   end
 end
 
-def filemod(file_stat)
+def file_mode(file_stat)
   file_count = file_stat.mode.to_s(8).slice(-3, 3)
   file_permission = file_count.split('').map do |file|
     PERMISSIONS[file]
   end
-  print file_permission.join('')
+  file_permission.join('')
 end
 
-def filesize(filenames)
+def max_filename_length(filenames)
   filenames.map { |file| File.size(file) }.max.to_s.length + MARGIN
 end
 
-def timestamp(file_stat)
-  print file_stat.mtime.strftime('%_m月 %_d %H:%M')
+def time_stamp(file_stat)
+  file_stat.mtime.strftime('%_m月 %_d %H:%M')
 end
 
-def fileblock(filenames)
+def total_file_blocks(filenames)
   blocks = filenames.map do |file|
     File::Stat.new(file).blocks
   end
-  puts "total #{blocks.sum}"
+  "total #{blocks.sum}"
 end
 
 run